Chapter 7
STRYKER DRIVER TRAINER
The commander balances Stryker driver training resources and time using the Common Driver Trainer/Stryker Vehicle (CDT/SV) Simulator. Nothing can replace live driving, but the CDT/SV provides initial and sustainment training for little or no cost. Once the commander and master driver assess their unit's proficiency, simulated training can be integrated to "train to maintain" expert driving standards.
System and Purpose
7-1. The CDT/SV is designed to allow driving skills for all of the Stryker variants including the:
l Infantry carrier vehicle (ICV)
l Mortar carrier vehicle (version B) (MCV-B)
l Reconnaissance vehicle (RV)
l Command vehicle (CV)
l Medical evacuation vehicle (MEV)
l Engineer squad vehicle (ESV)
l Antitank guided missile vehicle (AGTMV)
l Fire support vehicle (FSV)
l Nuclear biological chemical reconnaissance vehicle (NBC-RV)
l Mobile Gun System (MGS)
7-2. The driver/trainer simulator provides initial and sustainment driver training at training institutions and operational installations. The device consists of a simulated vehicle cab, instructor/operator station, a visual system, a 6-degree of freedom (DOF) motion platform system, AAR station, and a computational system.
7-3. The trainer is designed to provide:
l An environment to facilitate student acquisition of learning analysis training tasks.
l A set of simulation scenarios to provide exposure and re-enforcement of skills. A scenario is a driving exercise consisting of:
n Defined pathway though a selected database.
n Specific environmental defaults.
n Primary learning task objectives.
n Scripted events.
n Audio cues for instructor and student.
7-4. The purpose of the CDT/SV is to train Stryker driver students on all vehicle variants. The CDT/SV provides students with continuous practice of critical driving skills in various weather and visibility conditions. Simulated terrain includes, desert, woodland, urban, mountainous, and frozen.
7-5. The system database consists of nine task regions. Each region permits students to drive in terrains varying from steep mountains, to flat rural areas, to urban city settings that interact with traffic. Students are exposed to improvised explosive devices (IEDs) and rocket-propelled grenades (RPGs) within built up areas.
Technical Characteristics
7-6. The CDT/SV consists of a Student Training Station (STS), an Instructor/ Operator Station (IOS), and an After-Action Review (AAR) Station. The STS is comprised of a motion platform, three video display unit(s) (VDU) and a driver compartment (vehicle cab). The IOS has the capacity to operate up to six different STSs at one time. The CDT/SV can be set up in the following configurations:
l One Instructor Operation (I/O) station, one AAR station, and one Student Training Station (STS).
l One Instructor Operation (I/O) station, two AAR stations, and two Student Training Stations (STS).
l One Instructor Operation (I/O) Station, four AAR Stations, and four Student Training Stations (STS).
l One Instructor Operation (I/O) Station, six AAR Stations, and six Student Training Stations (STS).
7-7. The STS has four major components: the driver station (Figure 7-1), visual system (Figure 7-2), motion system (Figure 7-3), and computer rack (Figure 7-4). The driver station is accessed through the right side of the cab. The station is equipped with a driver seat, dashboard, steering column, communications equipment, instrument panel, and foot controls located on the cab floor. The cab is equipped with a sound system and closed circuit television cameras (CCTV). The assembled STS is shown in Figure 7-5.
Figure 7-1. Driver station/vehicle cab.
Visual System
7-8. The simulated training visual environment is created by state-of-the-art computer image generation. Simulator features include synthetic terrain with natural features, buildings, trails, roads, other vehicles, people, and animals. The system can create varying fog, rain, dust, and day or night light levels. Its simulated scenes are displayed on three 60-inch (diagonal measurement) rear-projection monitors. Total forward viewing area is 180°. As the driver maneuvers through a scenario exercise area, autonomous traffic can be utilized. A driver vision enhancer (DVE) is also included in the CDT/SV. The DVE is an LCD screen positioned directly in front of the driver's steering wheel that provides a thermal image in back and white or hot modes of the vehicle front area. The student has an overhead view switch located to the left of the transmission gear selector (Figure 7-2). The overhead view provides a top-down view of the surrounding terrain.
Figure 7-2. Visual system with driver vision enhancer.
Motion base
7-9. The motion base (Figure 7-3) is a device that maneuvers the entire cab assembly. Manual motion base shut down is possible in the event of an emergency. A large red emergency stop button is located in the cab assembly, left of the steering wheel. An additional emergency stop button is located at the IOS. When the button is pressed, the motion base returns to its original start position. The motion base automatically shuts down if the door is opened or if the student is not buckled in. To reactivate the motion system, press pause on the IOS or keypad and press the pause button again to resume.
7-10. The motion base is an important simulation tool that provides driver acceleration and angular cueing. The motion base positions itself as the vehicle travels up and down slopes, giving the driver a sense of being on a slope. It also delivers an initial acceleration feel that slowly returns to zero, and is capable of a limited acceleration feeling that provides the sense of an abrupt forward movement when the vehicle stops. The motion base will deliver the initial acceleration feel and slowly return to zero.
Figure 7-3. Motion base.
Student Training Station (STS) Computer Rack
7-11. The STS rack (Figure 7-4) contains the STS computer systems, sound generation equipment, image generator(s) (IG), power distribution units, and network switches required to run each Student Training Station (Figure 7-5). Most of the components mounted on the rack are not accessible to the driver or instructor. A qualified maintenance technician should be contacted if the components malfunction. Maintenance personnel are typically located on-site at the user training facility.
Figure 7-4. Student training station computer rack.
Figure 7-5. Student training station assembly.
7-12. The Instructor/ Operator Station (Figure 7-6) consists of a table, color monitors, closed circuit TV (CCTV) monitors, keyboard, mouse, joystick, and printer.
Figure 7-6. Instructor operator station (IOS).
7-13. A training exercise is set up by selecting the vehicle configuration, traffic conditions, environmental conditions, and scenario. The keyboard is used to enter passwords, instructor and student names, and instructor comments. The mouse is used to navigate through set-up menus, define the conditions, and begin the training exercise. The mouse is also used to monitor and control the simulation, and to stop the exercise.
7-14. The training exercise can be reviewed through a series of score screens that are automatically generated by the simulator. Printed copies of score sheets can also be produced.
7-15. An emergency stop button is located at the IOS. When the emergency stop button is pressed, the motion base will return to its original home position.
Instructor Operator Station (IOS) Computer Rack
7-16. The computer rack (Figure 7-7) located at the IOS contains the IOS computer systems, image generator, power distribution units, and uninterruptible power supply. Most components mounted on the rack are not accessible to the driver or instructor. If the components malfunction, a qualified maintenance technician must be notified immediately. Maintenance personnel are typically located on-site at the user training facility.
Figure 7-7. Instructor operator station (IOS) computer rack.
7-17. The After-Action Review Station is located near the IOS Station. It consists of a table, color monitor, PC, speakers, keyboard, and mouse. The purpose of this station is to allow off-line review of training results after the instructor has halted the training scenario. The AAR GUI supports playback (instant replay) of all or part of the scenario. The instructor is able to pause, rewind, and fast forward (2x, 4x and 8x) the exercise from the AAR GUI page. The playback of a training scenario provides the visual, aural, and instrumentation cues of the original execution through recorded video and sound. AAR capabilities are available only after an exercise has been completed, and are not part of the run-time IOS system. Because it is not part of the run-time IOS system, it can be used in parallel during training sessions.
7-18. Scenarios are arranged according to skill level to provide a core set of scenarios that cover allocated training tasks and supplemental scenarios for re-enforcement and practice. The computer recommends progression based on initial entry parameters and past performance. Soldiers proceed through scenarios and levels at the instructor's discretion.
Skill Level 1—Basic Beginner Driver
7-19. Scenarios at this skill level include:
l Proper start-up and shutdown procedures.
l Basic maneuvering under direction of a ground guide.
l Basic lane and speed control, proper signaling, braking and acceleration, basic right and left turns.
7-20. Scenarios will introduce dual-lane and multi-lane driving situations, parking lot entry, traversing, and exit/entry into traffic.
7-21. Two lane and multi-lane driving situations with traffic control devices are also be presented. So are traffic control devices. Extensive pre-programmed audible voice coaching and instruction is included.
Skill Level 2—Beginner Driver
7-22. Scenarios at this skill level include:
l Dual-lane, multi-lane, and controlled access road driving situations.
l Introduction of night and inclement weather conditions (without creating extremely hazardous conditions).
l Backing of the Stryker vehicle in non-tactical situations.
l Driving with indirect driving systems such as DVE vision blocks, and with NBC gear.
l Basics of convoy driving.
7-23. Students are exposed at this level to hazardous condition driving such as vehicle mechanical breakdown, and sudden vehicle or pedestrian entry onto right-of-way. Extensive pre-programmed audible voice coaching and instruction is included.
Skill Level 3—Intermediate Driver
7-24. Scenarios at this skill level include:
l Basics on urban, interstate highway, and advanced night driving conditions.
l Scenarios that provide a variety of driving experiences replicating all actions learned earlier.
l Backing with a towed load; starting vehicle on upward slope; braking vehicle on downward slope; controlling vehicle with gear selection; and engine brake on downward slope while driving with high CG loads.
l Malfunctions and faults.
l Basics on vehicle handling with all variations of load, armor, and trailer configurations.
l Basics on driving in extreme weather conditions.
7-25. Audible driver commands and coaching for new behaviors are included.
Skill Level 4—Basic Tactical Driver
7-26. Scenarios at this skill level include:
l Cross-country and tactical driving conditions including, sand, desert, mountain, forest, mud, and side slope driving.
l Basics of advanced convoy driving.
l Basics of water fording.
l Introduction of transport loading and unloading procedures (rail, aircraft, HET, ship).
7-27. Extensive audible commands (coaching) for new situations and continuous voice commands are included.
Skill Level 5—Tactical Driver
7-28. Scenarios at this skill level include:
l Building on Level 4 complexity through the addition of rain, snow, limited visibility, rocky surfaces, and obstacle avoidance/traversal.
l Driving through marked and unmarked mine fields.
l Driving through urban terrain with RPG/IED threats and impacts.
7-29. Extensive audible coaching for new situations and continuous voice commands are included.
Skill Level 6—VARIANT SPECIFIC DRIVER
7-30. Scenarios at this skill level include an introduction to specific handling characteristics and tasks for each CDT variant.
7-31. The design of each scenario includes:
l A short title: includes brief scenario characteristics.
n Example: "Dual-Lane Road - Night".
l A scenario number: prefaced by skill level (1-6).
n Example: Scenario Number "1.3c".
n "1" identifies the Basic Beginner skill level.
n "3" represents the third scenario within the Basic Beginner scenario series.
n "P"/"S" appended to number indicates Primary or Secondary.
n Training tasks.
Part 1 - Scenario Description
l Scenario overview.
l Learning objectives.
l Performance measurements—criticality range.
Part 2 - Scenario Conditions
l Vehicle configuration at start of scenario.
l Visual environment requirements.
l Aural cues.
l Scripted hazards.
l Malfunctions.
l Other scripted events.
Part 3 - Driving Route Overview
l Generic description of proposed driving route:
n Specific driving distances on selected road type.
n Traffic control devices.
n Turns, intersections, traffic circles.
Part 4 - Instructor Operations
l Description of instructor functions:
n Trainer initialization.
n Activate scripted events, hazards, and malfunctions.
n Additional IOS procedural steps.
n Training steps that require additional emphasis or instructor observation/action.
Part 5 - Instructor to Student Scenario Briefing
l Safety requirements.
l Learning objectives.
l Scenario overview.
l Performance measurement.
Part 6 - Scenario Execution
l Step-by-step scenario procedures and detailed route definition.
l Scripted event, hazard, and/or malfunction activation by the instructor.
7-32. Basic Beginner Scenario Specifications
l 2.1 Dual-Lane Road Introduction
l 2.2 Dual-Lane Road-Lane Control-No Traffic
l 2.3 Dual-Lane Road-Left/Right Turns-Intersections-No Traffic
l 2.4 Dual-Lane Road-Left/Right Turns-Intersections-Lane Control-No Traffic
l 2.5 Dual-Lane Road-Left/Right Turns-Intersections
l 2.6 Dual-Lane Road-Left/Right Turns-Intersections-Lane Control
l 2.7 Dual-Lane Road-Traffic Circle-Lane Control-No Traffic
l 2.8 Dual-Lane Road-Left/Right Turns-Intersections-Lane Control
l 2.9 Multi-Lane Road Introduction
l 2.10 Multi-Lane Road-Left/Right Turns-Intersections-Lane Control
l 2.11 Multi-Lane Road-Left/Right Turns-Intersections-Lane Control
l 2.12 Multi-Lane Road-Left/Right Turns-Intersections-Lane Control
l 2.13 Multi-Lane Road-Left/Right Turns-Intersections-Lane Control
l 2.14 Multi-Lane Road-Left/Right Turns-Intersections-Lane Control
7-33. Beginner Scenario Specifications
l 2.1 Dual-Lane Road-Traffic Circle-Left/Right Turns-Intersections-Night
l 2.2 Dual-Lane Road-Left/Right Turns-Intersections-Light Fog
l 2.3 Multi-Lane Road-Left/Right Turns-Intersections-Lane Control-Night
l 2.4 Urban Driving Introduction
l 2.5 Urban Driving-Traffic Conditions
l 2.6 Multi-Lane Road -Light Rain
l 2.7 Controlled Access Highway Introduction
l 2.8 Controlled Access Highway-Traffic Conditions
l 2.9 Controlled Access Highway-Convoy Training
l 2.10 Controlled Access Highway-System Malfunction
l 2.11 Controlled Access Highway-Night
l 2.12 Narrow Lane Road Introduction
l 2.13 Narrow Lane Road-Traffic Conditions
l 2.14 Multi-Lane Road-Light Rain and Fog
l 2.15 Reverse Driving-Sight and Blind Side
l 2.16 Reverse Driving-Parking
l 2.17 Reverse Driving-Loading Dock
l 2.18 Reverse Driving-Maintenance Bay
l 2.19 Reverse Driving-Night
7-34. Driver Scores
l Based on currently used road test and skills test.
l Computer and instructor scoring.
n Computer scores quantitative objectives.
n Instructor scores qualitative objectives or items that will be impossible to score with the computer.
l Demerit system.
n Start with 100 points and deduct for each infraction.
l Tunable/tailorable scoring modifiers.